Through both the internal and external struggles Owen and Russell face in Athlete vs. Mathlete, the novel explores the impact of stereotypes on identity, as well as how people (especially kids) use these stereotypes to define who they are. The word stereotype derives from French and originally referred to a printing block that allowed many copies of the same thing to be made easily. In modern usage, “stereotype” is defined as a belief about people with a common characteristic that is often untrue and unfair. W.C. Mack makes use of stereotypes within Owen and Russell’s relationship. Prior to making the basketball team, Russell lumps all basketball players together as unintelligent athletes who just throw a ball around and don’t need to think. Similarly, Owen views Russell and the other members of Masters of the Mind as nerds with no athletic skills and a ridiculous fixation on math. As the story progresses, the stereotypes both boys hold are tested and proven false, specifically by Russell’s athletic aptitude.

The novel explores how identity begins with culture, family, and community. Basketball is a large part of Owen and Russell’s culture, and at the novel’s outset, Owen has made this part of his identity, choosing to play the game and spend time with others who play.