Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of mental illness.

The Happiness Trap, published in 2007, emerged during a period of increasing public interest in positive psychology and mindfulness-based approaches to mental health. While contemporaneous works like Martin Seligman’s Authentic Happiness (2002) and Daniel Gilbert’s Stumbling on Happiness (2006) focused on understanding and achieving positive emotional states, The Happiness Trap offers a distinctly different perspective on psychological well-being. Instead of directly pursuing happiness, it emphasizes the importance of accepting negative emotions while engaging in meaningful activities.

The book’s theoretical foundation, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), belongs to the “third wave” of behavioral therapies, alongside Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). These approaches marked a significant departure from traditional Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Where CBT focuses on identifying and modifying “dysfunctional” thoughts, ACT emphasizes accepting thoughts while changing one’s relationship with them. This fundamental difference in approach to cognitive processes represents a paradigm shift in therapeutic intervention.

The treatment goals of these various approaches also differ significantly. While CBT aims to reduce symptom frequency and intensity, ACT focuses on increasing psychological flexibility.